Technology is moving fast and affecting all dimensions of our environment including our
perceptions and expectations of how to use and connect space. Both as a product and enabler
of these developments, new forms and patterns of movement and transport become possible
and desirable. As design and first steps of implementation in the process of Mobility Transformation across our countries enter a decisive phase, they become more apparent and tangible for ordinary people and therefore a focus of public debate on defining priorities of our economies and societies alike. We need to address both how to shape the future of mobility as well as how to mitigate risks and concerns accompanying these developments.
This joint publication together with the Korea Transport Institute (KOTI) provides an exemplary overview of visions and approaches in Germany and Korea for their respective Mobility Transformation. Both are leading nations when it comes to technological progress as well as necessary legal frameworks in this field, but show complimentary instruments and ideas. Their comparison is meant to illustrate the nexus of pathways leading to a comprehensive and sustainable Mobility Transformation by analyzing specific scenarios or cases, utilizing practical experience and extrapolating methodological models for policy makers in both countries and beyond crafting sustainable mobility transformation strategies in their own context.
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The Transforming of Mobility is reshaping our daily lives, especially in urban areas where
innovations are taking center stage. The advancements in technology open up a plethora of
transportation options including public transportation, providing people with unprecedented
convenience and flexibility in moving. In this part of our joint publication, authors present the New Paradigms of Mobility and the Socioeconomic Impacts of Mobility Transformation.
The Transforming of Mobility is reshaping our daily lives, especially in urban areas where
innovations are taking center stage. The advancements in technology open up a plethora of
transportation options including public transportation, providing people with unprecedented
convenience and flexibility in moving. In this part of our joint publication, authors present the New Paradigms of Mobility and the Socioeconomic Impacts of Mobility Transformation.
At the international and national level, a variety of stakeholders work toward achieving
"climate neutrality" and enabling "advanced mobility services in everyday life" to propel mobility
transformation. In our third contribution, authors present an overview of the legal and institutional
aspects of mobility transformation, based on global initiatives.
At the international and national level, a variety of stakeholders work toward achieving
"climate neutrality" and enabling "advanced mobility services in everyday life" to propel mobility
transformation. In our third contribution, authors present an overview of the legal and institutional
aspects of mobility transformation, based on global initiatives.
In a first contribution, we present the German example of the Regional Innovation Cluster Mcube.
Based on the guiding principle of MCube's Mobility Innovation, "Miteinander", "Machen" and
"Möglich", MCube stands for new characteristic approaches to mobility transformation in
Germany and Munich.
In this second contribution, alongside current trends in “electrification” and “autonomous driving”,
authors discuss technologies potentially changing mobility behavior and leading to modal shifts.
In this second contribution, alongside current trends in “electrification” and “autonomous driving”,
authors discuss technologies potentially changing mobility behavior and leading to modal shifts.
This change has also shifted people’s interest in movement from transportation to mobility.
In other words, while transportation focuses on the carrying of cargo,
mobility focuses on the freedom of movement that people have.
- Towards New Mobility Paradigms -
Considering the development of the transportation industry,
it seems appropriate to move towards the coexistence of public transportation
and new mobility services within a MaaS system in urban areas
where public transportation already has a significant presence.
- Public-Private Cooperation for Mobility Transformation -
As an industry’s value-chain fragments and technologies intersect,
the release of innovative technologies and products alters the market and competitive landscape,
highlighting the limitations of focusing solely on hardware for sustainable growth.
- Socioeconomic Impacts of Mobility Transformation -
In 2020, the South Korean government unveiled its visionary New Deal plan,
which included ambitious goals for the expansion of data-, network-,
and AI-driven smart mobility services.
Building on this framework, in 2022, the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure,
and Transport (MOLIT) announced a significant shift from supplier-focused transportation policies
to a more user-oriented approach to mobility.
- Legal and Institutional Improvements in South Korea -
Autonomous and connected driving can also contribute to the mobility transition if the momentum created by
the new legal framework in Germany is utilized and the new technology is developed for innovative mobility services.
Public transport will benefit from this,
and private transportation can be reduced.
However, international regulations are required to make autonomous driving accessible across national borders
and thus create an incentive for manufacturers to drive technical development forward even faster.
- Legal and Institutional Improvements in Germany -
The electrification of transport is a key technology in the mobility transition,
particularly in passenger transport. Electrification is also important in freight transport
using trucks, although discussions about which technologies to use in certain applications
are not yet complete. Autonomous driving technology has promising
applications for the mobility transition.
- Technological Aspects of Mobility Transformation in Germany -
The National Basic Plan for Carbon Neutrality and Green Growth set a goal of supplying
4.2 million BEVs and 0.3 million FCEVs by 2030. Therefore, considering the policy goals
announced by the South Korean government, electrification of road
transportation is expected to progress rapidly.
- Technological Aspects of Mobility Transformation in South Korea -
Munich faces the same mobility challenges that many other metropolitan regions face.
It is the most densely populated city in Germnay and the fast growing nationanwide,
with more than 1.5 million inhabitants in the urban area and more than six million
inhabitants in the metropolitan region.
Munich also is Germany’s “Stauhauptstadt”
with regular congestion leading to resident wasting an average of 51 hours per year in traffic.
- Transforming Mobility in Germany through the Regional Innovation Cluster “MCube” -
Munich’s Mobility Plan addresses three specific challenges: population growth; health
and environmental protection; and digitalization and networking.
The overall strategy for transportation and mobility in Munich, “Mobilitätsstrategie 2035”
(translated as Mobility Strategy 2035), was approved by the City Council in 2021.
The strategy marks a shift from considering the mobility system’s
effectiveness only in terms of automotive mobility toward enabling mobility
for everyone independent of the use of individual cars.
- Transforming Mobility in Germany through the Regional Innovation Cluster “MCube” -
KONRAD-ADENAUER-STIFTUNG
Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung (KAS) is a political foundation active throughout Germany and abroad. Nationally and internationally, KAS is committed to achieving and maintaining peace, freedom and justice through political education. We promote and preserve freed democracy, the social market economy, and the development and consolidation of value consensus. |
KOREA TRANSPORT INSTITUTE
Korea Transport Institute (KOTI) is a comprehensive research agency in the nation and actively works to develop national transport policies and transport technologies. KOTI works to improve people's lives and contribute to economic development by conducting comprehensive research and development on transport and logistics policies and technologies by collecting, analyzing, and sharing various transport data. |
KONRAD-ADENAUER-STIFTUNG
Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung (KAS) is a political foundation active throughout Germany
and abroad. Nationally and internationally, the KAS is committed to achieving and maintaining peace, freedom and justice through political education. We promote and preserve freed democracy, the social market economy,and the
development and consolidation of value consensus.
KOREA TRANSPORT INSTITUTE
Korea Transport Institute (KOTI) is a comprehensive research agency in the nation and actively works to develop national transport policies and transport technologies.
KOTI works to improve people's lives and contribute to economic development by conducting comprehensive research and development on transport and logistics policies and technologies by collecting, analyzing, and sharing various transport data.
Thomas YoshimuraKAS
Dr. JaeHak OhKOTI
Oliver May-BeckmannMCube /
Technical University Munich
Dr. Alexander WentlandMCube /
Technical University Munich
Dr. Julia KinigadnerMCube /
Technical University Munich
Sophia KnopfMCube /
Technical University Munich
Friedemann KallmeyerMobility Researcher
Katharina CsillakGeographer and
Mobility Researcher
Dr. Kyeongpyo KangKOTI
Dr. Taehyung KimKOTI
Dr. Ji-Young ParkKOTI
Dr. Sunghoon KimKOTI
Giverney Catherine KnezevicIKEM
Timon PlassIKEM
Dr. Keeyeon HwangKOTI
Dr. Kyuok KimKOTI
Prof. Myounggu KangUOS
Dr. Youngho KimKOTI
Younghun LeeLG CNS
Hyocheol ParkLG CNS
Dr. Kyungyou KimKIET
Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung e.v.
Korea Office
2nd Floor, Wonseo Building13
Changdeokgung 1-gil, Jongno-gu
03058 Seoul
Republic Korea
Thomas Yoshimura
Resident Representative in Korea
kaskorea@kas.de
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